Post History

It's not 'Australian', just English.

Breaking it down:

'bill':  A bill in a governmental context is a piece of proposed legislation.  To become law (actual legislation), the elected members of a jurisdiction (paliament: government + (usually) opposition) will go through a process of reading the proposal,  suggesting amendments, additions, deletions etc and sending it back to the legislation writers to make those amendments.  This can happen a number of times.

'charter change':  A [charter](https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/charter) is a constitution type document.  Constitutions usually differ from normal legislation as they require a greater effort to alter.  Changing the constitution of a jurisdiction is a significant and possibly controversial exercise and would be seen by most as relevant and newsworthy.

'third reading':  As mentioned under 'bill', the parliament reads and amends the bill a number of times before making it law.  The newspaper article is referring to the third time this bill went through the read/amendment process.

'sails through':  '[Sails through](https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/sail-through-sth)' means 'easily successful.  In context there were either no, or very few (and uncontroversial) amendments suggested during the reading process.

To understand as a whole:

 > "The government's proposal to change the constitution completed its third reading and amending process (recently).  There was little to no opposition to the content of the (already twice-amended) proposed legislation during this reading."