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Q&A

General Q&A about specific languages, language in general, and linguistics.

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50%
+3 −3
What is "these gentry" in Marxist writing?

In George Orwell's essay "Politics and the English Language", he refers to "[t]he jargon peculiar to Marxist writing (hyena, hangman, cannibal, petty bourgeois, these gentry, lackey, flunkey, mad d...

1 answer  ·  posted 4y ago by msh210‭  ·  last activity 4y ago by Jirka Hanika‭

75%
+4 −0
Has Japanese always had the polite "masu" form?

Japanese has what is known as the "polite form"/"masu form" and the "plain form". Notably, the two forms have completely different conjugations despite having the same meaning, differing only in po...

1 answer  ·  posted 4y ago by Moshi‭  ·  last activity 4y ago by Jirka Hanika‭

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+4 −0
How do linguists determine historical pronunciation?

There were two recent questions (here and here) about historical pronunications. I know that languages evolve in sound over time, but how do linguists determine what the original phonology was seve...

1 answer  ·  posted 4y ago by Sigma‭  ·  edited 4y ago by Moshi‭

66%
+2 −0
Primary clause uses singular, subordinate co-reference is plural, what verb to use in English?

I sometimes find myself writing sentences with subordinate clauses where there is number mismatch between the primary and subordinate clauses. For example: The oath he swore, those words about se...

1 answer  ·  posted 4y ago by Monica Cellio‭  ·  edited 4y ago by Moshi‭

72%
+6 −1
Why is “timbre” pronounced “tamber”?

One thing that’s always bothered me about the musical term timbre is its pronunciation. The word begs to be pronounced “timber,” yet it’s widely pronounced “tamber” instead. I understand the etymol...

1 answer  ·  posted 4y ago by DonielF‭  ·  last activity 4y ago by user8078‭

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+4 −0
How do Chinese people give their names in Japanese? (And vice versa)

So, I have a Chinese name. (Specifically, Mandarin, if that makes a difference). What are the common ways to give this name in Japanese? Should I approximate the Chinese reading, use the on'yomi re...

1 answer  ·  posted 4y ago by Moshi‭  ·  last activity 4y ago by Aidan‭

66%
+2 −0
Structures like "skulle gjort" and "skulle gjøre"

I have mostly self-learned Norwegian without much emphasis on grammar. Occasionally I see expressions like "skulle gjort", sometimes with "gjort" replaced by another verb. I would expect to see the...

1 answer  ·  posted 4y ago by tommi‭  ·  last activity 4y ago by Lundin‭

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+3 −0
Which spelling -if any- of ar-Rahmaan is more correct "الرحمن" or "الرحمان"?

The noun ar-Rahmaan and its adjective rahmaan are pronounced with a prolongation of the letter alif between the last two letters meem and noon, nevertheless it is common that people with the name '...

1 answer  ·  posted 4y ago by Medi1saif‭  ·  last activity 4y ago by nobodyImportant‭

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+2 −0
How do I pronounce historical French correctly from times when the language was in transition?

I sing in a choir that performs medieval and renaissance music in several languages I don't otherwise speak. When we are unclear about pronunciation, we look for recordings from reputable performe...

1 answer  ·  posted 4y ago by Monica Cellio‭  ·  last activity 4y ago by user8078‭

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+5 −0
What is the Arabic "praise/censure grammar" (e.g. !ياله من رجل رائع) called in Arabic?

I'm trying to edit this question at Chinese Stack Exchange: Does Chinese have an equivalent to Arabic-style praising grammar (translates to 褒贬句)?. The user originally wrote: In Arabic we have a ...

1 answer  ·  posted 4y ago by becky82‭  ·  last activity 4y ago by Medi1saif‭

80%
+6 −0
Is it really true that all Chinese words have one syllable?

I'm sure a lot of people have heard it before: the statement "All Chinese words are one syllable (or character)." And because someone is going to ask, no, this is not just a Western thought - my Ma...

1 answer  ·  posted 4y ago by Moshi‭  ·  last activity 4y ago by Sigma‭

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+3 −1
When do you use 'whom'?

I have two basic questions about the usage of 'whom': When and how do you use the word 'whom'? Can I just... not? Even after looking it up, I'm confused. I've never found an example given where r...

1 answer  ·  posted 4y ago by Moshi‭  ·  last activity 4y ago by msh210‭

80%
+10 −1
Why is it "pronunciation" and not "pronounciation"?

Generally speaking, when adding a suffix to a word in English, while the last letter(s) may undergo changes to accommodate the addition, the rest of the word is left unchanged. As examples in that ...

2 answers  ·  posted 4y ago by DonielF‭  ·  last activity 4y ago by nobodyImportant‭

77%
+5 −0
Is there a difference between when I should use "אוטו" vs "רכב"?

I speak Hebrew as a second language, and probably worse than most people expect - I live in Israel, but my Hebrew is still not that great. I ride with a cycling team, and one thing that we do is to...

2 answers  ·  posted 4y ago by Mithical‭  ·  last activity 4y ago by deleted user

75%
+4 −0
How were ת & ט pronounced historically?

In Sephardi or Israeli Hebrew today, ט and ת are pronounced the same, at least to my non-native ear, something like /t/. In Ashkenazi Hebrew, on the other hand, sometimes ת is pronounced like ס (...

1 answer  ·  posted 4y ago by Monica Cellio‭  ·  last activity 4y ago by msh210‭

60%
+1 −0
What determines the present-tense form of a kal verb?

Most פָּעַל-construction verbs have the פּוֹעֵל form as the masculine singular present tense; for example, לָמַד→‎לוֹמֵד and צָבַע→‎צוֹבֵעַ. But some פָּעַל-construction verbs have the פָּעֵל form ...

0 answers  ·  posted 4y ago by msh210‭  ·  edited 4y ago by Monica Cellio‭

88%
+14 −0
Whence אֶת between partners' names?

The word אֶת /et/ is used with the following meanings: In Biblical Hebrew, it means "with". In modern Hebrew it survives, but only with a complement-of-the-preposition pronoun suffix: "with me", ...

1 answer  ·  posted 4y ago by msh210‭  ·  last activity 4y ago by David‭