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Q&A Does al-Asma'i's poem "صوت صفير البلبل" (the sound of the whistle of the bulbul) has a story to tell?

There's this famous story about al-Asma'i الأصمعي challenging the caliph abu Ja'afar al-Mansur أبو جعفر المنصور by composing a poem that is difficult to memorize, as the caliph himself used to memo...

0 answers  ·  posted 3y ago by Medi1saif‭  ·  edited 3y ago by Medi1saif‭

Question poetry
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Q&A How were ת & ט pronounced historically?

In Sephardi or Israeli Hebrew today, ט and ת are pronounced the same, at least to my non-native ear, something like /t/. In Ashkenazi Hebrew, on the other hand, sometimes ת is pronounced like ס (...

1 answer  ·  posted 3y ago by Monica Cellio‭  ·  last activity 3y ago by msh210‭

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Q&A How do Chinese people give their names in Japanese? (And vice versa)

So, I have a Chinese name. (Specifically, Mandarin, if that makes a difference). What are the common ways to give this name in Japanese? Should I approximate the Chinese reading, use the on'yomi re...

1 answer  ·  posted 3y ago by Moshi‭  ·  last activity 3y ago by Aidan‭

Question names translation
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Q&A Why is it "pronunciation" and not "pronounciation"?

Moshi has explained it excellently. In fact, Trisyllabic Laxing is the reason it happened. I'm going to explain it from another point of view. Pronounce is stressed on the second syllable. When the...

posted 3y ago by nobodyImportant‭  ·  edited 3y ago by nobodyImportant‭

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Q&A How were ת & ט pronounced historically?

Geoffrey Khan's (open access!) book, "The Tiberian Pronunciation Tradition of Biblical Hebrew"1, discusses the pronunciation of Hebrew according to the Masoretes of Tiberias, who were active about ...

posted 3y ago by user53100‭  ·  edited 3y ago by msh210‭

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Meta Is posting links to commercial content as part of a resource post allowed?

You should probably refer to the promotional content guidelines. Reproduced here: You must explicitly state your affiliation. If you're linking your dragon-riding place, please just include a di...

posted 3y ago by Moshi‭

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Meta Is posting links to commercial content as part of a resource post allowed?

Speaking personally (I haven't consulted anybody else on the team), I don't see why this would be a problem so long as there's nothing sneaky or sketchy going on. Not all resources are freely avai...

posted 3y ago by Monica Cellio‭

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Q&A Has Japanese always had the polite "masu" form?

Japanese has what is known as the "polite form"/"masu form" and the "plain form". Notably, the two forms have completely different conjugations despite having the same meaning, differing only in po...

1 answer  ·  posted 3y ago by Moshi‭  ·  last activity 3y ago by Jirka Hanika‭

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Q&A How do linguists determine historical pronunciation?

There were two recent questions (here and here) about historical pronunications. I know that languages evolve in sound over time, but how do linguists determine what the original phonology was seve...

1 answer  ·  posted 3y ago by Sigma‭  ·  edited 3y ago by Moshi‭

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Resources Online Etymology Resources

posted 3y ago by msh210‭  ·  edited 3y ago by Moshi‭

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Q&A Why no "to"-infinitive in pual and huf'al?

One of the infinitives in Hebrew is translated "to [verb]" and starts with ל, l. For example, ללמוד, lilmod, "to learn", and להשאר, l'hishaer, "to remain"; it's used often. But two of the verb cons...

1 answer  ·  posted 3y ago by msh210‭  ·  last activity 3y ago by Jirka Hanika‭

Question Hebrew conjugation
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Q&A Why is “timbre” pronounced “tamber”?

One thing that’s always bothered me about the musical term timbre is its pronunciation. The word begs to be pronounced “timber,” yet it’s widely pronounced “tamber” instead. I understand the etymol...

1 answer  ·  posted 3y ago by DonielF‭  ·  last activity 3y ago by user8078‭

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Q&A Why "sommaren är kommen" rather than "sommaren har kommit" in Swedish?

I have seen the phrase sommaren är kommen. What grammatical form is this and how is it correct? I thought it should rather be sommaren har kommit, for summer has arrived (literally: summer has co...

2 answers  ·  posted 3y ago by gerrit‭  ·  edited 2mo ago by gerrit‭

Question grammar Swedish
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Q&A What is the difference between 'u heeft' and 'u hebt'?

When conjugating 'hebben' I can see both forms, are they the same, or is only one of them correct? Is there a regional difference between the two?

1 answer  ·  posted 3y ago by Peter‭  ·  edited 3y ago by msh210‭

Question Dutch
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Q&A What does "unused root" mean?

From ariel.org What is meant by “unused” root is that though the root of the word has a specific meaning, you will not find that root meaning in literature. Only its derived meanings will be fou...

posted 3y ago by Moshi‭  ·  edited 3y ago by Moshi‭

Answer
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Q&A Why past tense in imaginative play in Finnish?

The younger the child, the less established the grammar. You can respond with "Nyt se menee nukkumaan" and put the toy into its sleeping house, thus just implementing the suggestion using your own...

posted 3y ago by Jirka Hanika‭  ·  edited 3y ago by Jirka Hanika‭

Answer
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Q&A How did 'equity' semantically shift to mean 'Assets — Liabilities'?

The term (semantic) "shift" implies not just the emergence of a new meaning, but also abandonment of the old one. The old meanings you refer to are still present in current English, so it is perha...

posted 3y ago by Jirka Hanika‭  ·  edited 3y ago by Jirka Hanika‭

Answer
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Q&A How did « re » + « partir » compound to 🡲 "repartee", which means "rejoinder"?

partir is intransitive in modern French ("depart") but primarily transitive in Old French ("distribute", i.e., "make depart"). The transitive meaning is still preserved, as an archaism, in the set...

posted 3y ago by Jirka Hanika‭  ·  edited 3y ago by Jirka Hanika‭

Answer
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Q&A Is "estar de buenas" a widespread way to say "to be in a good mood"?

Yes, it is a common, rather colloquial, way to say "to be in a good mood". The Diccionario de la lengua española, that is, the main Spanish dictionary has an entry on it: de buenas loc. adj. colo...

posted 3y ago by fedorqui‭

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Meta Are questions on linguistics of "languages" like music, math, or coding on-topic?

No. "Language" on this site refers to the natural languages of intelligent beings, not machine languages, music etc. In the absence of another qualifier a "language" is, as I wrote on another site,...

posted 3y ago by curiousdannii‭

Answer
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Q&A Why do certain Hebrew letters have alternate final forms?

Five Hebrew letters -- כ‎, מ‎, נ‎, צ‎, and פ‎ -- have different forms when at the end of a word. I have heard that this is true for certain letters in Arabic too, though I don't know if they're th...

1 answer  ·  posted 3y ago by Monica Cellio‭  ·  last activity 3y ago by Moshi‭

Question orthography
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Q&A Is Swedish more conservative than Danish and Norwegians?

Every language has lots of varieties which differ in conservativity among themselves. This effect can be massive[1]. If any particular methodology for assessing conservativity forces a choice bet...

posted 3y ago by Jirka Hanika‭  ·  edited 3y ago by Jirka Hanika‭

Answer
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Meta What tag hierarchy and ontology should Linguistics use?

So what is the proposed ontology for the Languages & Linguistics site? I foresee a category for each language and then, eventually, subcategories for the rest. Just so we're on the same pa...

posted 3y ago by Moshi‭  ·  last activity 3y ago by Moshi‭

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Q&A How did 'consideration' shift to signify grounds and the act of deliberation, then inducer of a grant or promise?

It is a sequence of shifts of meaning. 1 to 2 is a metonymy. Some, such as Burke, would even call it a synecdoche, as long as they are ready to consider an "effect" to be a part of its "cause" or...

posted 3y ago by Jirka Hanika‭  ·  edited 3y ago by Jirka Hanika‭

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Meta Crowdsourced font stack for Languages & Linguistics

A continuation of my previous post. Crowdsourced font stack for Languages & Linguistics I am currently working on crafting font stacks for each script; see the draft pull request here: https:...

0 answers  ·  posted 3y ago by Moshi‭  ·  edited 3y ago by Moshi‭

Question discussion fonts